A high presence of oxides in welding will likely affect Charpy V-notch impact energy how?

A high presence of oxides in welding consumables or the weld pool can significantly reduce the Charpy V-notch impact energy. This is primarily because oxides can act as inclusions within the weld metal, which can significantly compromise its mechanical properties.

When a weld contains a high amount of oxides, it tends to create weak points and stress concentrators within the material. As a result, the overall toughness and ductility of the weld can be impaired. The impact energy measured in a Charpy test is indicative of a material's ability to absorb energy and deform plastically before fracturing. Consequently, if the ductility is diminished due to the presence of these detrimental oxides, the measured impact energy will be lower.

In summary, the high presence of oxides leads to decreased toughness in the weld metal, which directly correlates to a reduction in Charpy V-notch impact energy.